Category:Governance
This section covers both 1) the organizational microscale formats or methods used to govern peer production, FLOSS, and other non-coercive methods of governance; 2) the evolution on a macro-scale towards the dominance of collaborative networks
This section is maintained by Michel Bauwens and adheres to Connective Hypothesis, i.e. The key organizing pattern of our global culture is shifting from a top-down hierarchical pyramid to a distributed, self-organizing network. [1]
For an understanding of the specificities of Peer Governance, we strongly recommend the following book: Cyberchiefs. Autonomy and Authority in Online Tribes. Mathieu O’Neil. Macmillan/Pluto Press, 2009.
For the governance of the Global Commons of humanity, we advocate replacing the scarcity-engineering of neoliberal markets by the abundance engineering of the Commons: see the Abundance - Typology and the Wealth Typology. Policy concepts and proposals are maintained here.
For the approach of the P2P Foundation, see: Michel Bauwens: Peer Governance as a Third Mode of Governance
(this area is under construction: the Encyclopedia items related to governance have been ported until but not including M)
Introduction
- Please read the following excerpts of David Ronfeldt on the Evolution of Governance
- You may want to read this important discussion document by Erik Douglas, Peer to Peer and the Four Pillars of Democracy, which examines the relationship between Peer Governance and representative democracy.
- Henry Mintzberg's Taxonomy of Organizational Forms, is good as backgrounder.
- Billy Matheson's graphical representation on how relationality may or will affect governance
- Felix Stadler insists: The Governance of Peer Production is Meritocratic, not Egalitarian
- In a P2P context, we may want to replace or augment Personality Driven Governance Systems by Governance Systems Based on Idea and Action Amplification (i.e. Governance by User Groups). More from Heather Marsh at: How a Stigmergy of Actions Replaces Representation of Persons
19 Transitional Institutions for the P2P Civilisation1. According to Dave Pollard: "Joanna Macy's book Coming Back to Life has the following list (the last six items are my own additions):" [2]
Jim Spohrer has an ordering of systems into three levels:
Institutional Proposals for Global Governance
Citations | |
Long CitationsPeter Suber: From Profit-Maximization and Market-Orientation to Mission-Focused Profit maximizing limits access to knowledge, by limiting it to paying customers. If anyone thinks this is just a side-effect of today's market incentives, then we can put the situation differently: Profit maximizing doesn't always limit access to knowledge, but is always ready to do so if it pays better. This proposition has a darker corollary: Profit maximizing doesn't always favor untruth, but is always ready to do so if it would pay better. ... Instead of hypnotically granting the primacy of markets in all sectors, as if there were no exceptions, we should remember that many organizations compromise profits or relinquish revenues in order to foster their missions, and that we all benefit from their dedication. Which institutions and sectors ought to do so, and how should we protect and support them to pursue their missions? Instead of smothering these questions for offending the religion of markets, we should open them for wider discussion. (http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/newsletter/03-02-10.htm#missions)
"The professional co-option of community efforts to invent appropriate techniques for citizens to care in community has been pervasive. Therefore, we need to identify the characteristics of those social forms that are resistant to colonization by service technologies while enabling communities to cultivate and care. These authentic social forms are characterized by three basic dimensions: they tend to be uncommodified, unmanaged, and uncurricularized. The tools of the bereavement counselor make grief into a commodity rather than an opportunity for community. Service technologies convert conditions into commodities and care into service. The tools of the manager convert communality into hierarchy, replacing consent with control. Where once there was a commons, the manager creates a corporation. The tools of the pedagogue create monopolies in the place of cultures. By making a school of every-day life, community definitions and citizen action are degraded and finally expelled. It is this hard-working team—the service professional, the manager, and the pedagogue—that pulls the tools of "community busting" through the modern social landscape. If we are to recultivate community, we will need to return this team to the stable, abjuring their use." (http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/lec-mck.html)
“The cyber-solution to this governance dilemma is to fight the constraint that produces all the tensions: scarcity. Abundance trumps governance. There is no need to worry about resource allocation when there are more than enough resources to go around. And those who find their norms ill-served can choose a more suitable environment, because the costs of forming new groups and institutions are so low. The good news is that cyberspace – if we let it – can be the greatest engine of abundance the world has ever known. From the billions of search clicks that Google pairs with targeted text ads to the millions of WiFi devices using shared wireless spectrum to the hundreds of thousands of books along Amazon.com’s long tail, abundance is the driving force of the Internet economy. It should be an abiding goal of Internet governance as well. Furthering the historical analogy, it was territorial expansion, to the Western edge of the continent and beyond, that channeled and checked the tensions of the nascent American constitutional republic. If cyberspace is to be well-governed, therefore, it must grow. We must resist the temptation to look back nostalgically to the frontier homesteading days, when norms dominated because so many of them were shared. Let us, as David urges, embrace the Internet’s wondrous chaos. At the same time, though, let us sing the praises of its well-designed rules. The shared enemy is not structure, but exclusivity and other barriers to choice and connectivity.“ (http://publius.cc/2008/05/13/kevin-werbach-steering-to-the-edge-of-trust/)
"If concentration of power has contributed to poor governance, the solution must lie in dispersing power… ICTs empower from below while devolving power from above, resulting in a two-pronged attack on abuse of state power that has left so much of the world’s population languishing in poverty… ICTs can be the means to both freedom and development by blindsiding obstacles to both." (http://p2pfoundation.ning.com/profile/TomCrowl)
"Today, people with power and influence derive their power from their centrality within self-organizing networks that might or might not correspond to any plan on the part of designated leaders. Organization structure in vanguard companies involves multi-directional responsibilities, with an increasing emphasis on horizontal relationships rather than vertical reporting as the center of action that shapes daily tasks and one’s portfolio of projects, in order to focus on serving customers and society. Circles of influence replace chains of command, as in the councils and boards at Cisco which draw from many levels to drive new strategies. Distributed leadership — consisting of many ears to the ground in many places — is more effective than centralized or concentrated leadership." (http://blogs.harvardbusiness.org/kanter/2009/11/power-to-the-connectors.html) |
The Era of the Globalisation of People“Globalisation is not a new phenomenon. As analysed by Thomas Friedman in The World Is Not Flat, in the 16th and 17th centuries empires became global, whereas in the 20th century it was companies that became global, and the differential factor is that since the end of the millennium, ten years ago, it is people who are becoming global. And again it is a third technological revolution that is promoting the transformation: the revolution promoted by new information and communication technologies, of which the internet is the most transformative expression.” - Josu Jon Imaz [3]
Short Citations
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TypologyThe entries in the directory below covers different aspects which should be distinguished from each other. | |
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Resources | |
Key Blog EntriesCheck out the Archive of the P2P Foundation blog on P2P Hierarchy Theory, for a full record on our articles. Key Delicious TagsKey Articles
Theoretical essays:
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Key Books
Also:
Key Graphical Representations
Compiled by David Ronfeldt [21]:
Key Resources
Read his summary: A Spectrum of Politics and Governance Grounded in Empowered Citizen Dialogue and Deliberation, [22]
[25]. If you know French, this is highly recommended.
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Multimedia in the Governance Category
The following lists contain the 5 most recent pages in the Governance Category and each of the categories in turn.
Books
- Constitutional Ideas for an Anti-Oligarchic Republic
- From Medieval to Post-National Global Assemblages
- Smart Citizens, Smarter State
- History of Institutions
- Political Theories of Non-Territorial States
Articles
- Blockchain Technology and Polycentric Governance
- Stafford Beer’s Organizational Cybernetics
- Society as a Living Cognitive System
- Algorithmic Governance
- A.M. Hocart on the Role of Ritual and Mythology in Human Governance
Interviews
Media
- China's Policy Towards Social Media and the Internet
- Multistakeholder Internet Dialogue
- How Does Technology Change the Balance of Power in Society
- Indymedia - Governance
- Jeanette Hofmann on Wikipedia between Emancipation and Self-Regulation
Podcasts
- Nathan Schneider on Networked Governance in Web3 and Cryptoeconomics
- Trent Macdonald on Emergent Crypto Nations
- Rana Khalaf on Civil Society and Hybrid Forms of Governance
- Julie Cohen and Anne Barron on the Struggle to Define New Governance Institutions for the Information Age
- David Bollier on the Commons as an Approach to Governance, Sustainability and Social Wellbeing
Webcasts
The P2P Governance Encyclopedia
Subcategories
This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.
P
Pages in category "Governance"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 1,675 total.
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A
- A.M. Hocart on the Role of Ritual and Mythology in Human Governance
- Aaron Swartz on the Shift from Centralized Systems to Networks
- Abundance - Typology
- Abundance Logic vs Scarcity Logic
- Access Controlled
- Accessibility
- Accountability Communities
- Activation Network Organizational Frame
- Adaptive Co-Management
- Adhocracy
- Adversary Democracy
- Affinity Group
- After the Nation State
- Against the Professional Cooptation of Community
- Aggregate Abundance
- Agile Manifesto
- Alex Pentland on Datafying the Social for Frictionless Cybernetic Governance
- Alexander Galloway
- Alexander Galloway on Protocollary Power
- Algocracy
- Algocratic Governance
- Algorithmic Authority
- Algorithmic Governance
- Algorithmic Regulation
- Algorithmic Social Contract
- Alterglobalization Movement - Networked Aspects
- Alternative Futures of Globalisation
- Alternative Media Cooperative
- Alternative Modes of Governance
- Althing
- America Beyond Capitalism
- Amphictyony
- Amy Vickers on the New Business of Collectivism
- Anacyclosis
- Anarchy as Order
- Anne Oliver on New Models for Shared Leadership
- Antagonistic Usage of the Commons Concept
- Anti-Authoritarianism - Philosophy
- Anti-Credentialism
- Anti-Leadership
- Anti-Power
- Anti-Quota Labor System
- Anti-Rivalry
- Antigoras
- Any Cook Can Govern
- Apache - Governance
- Apache Software Foundation
- Apomediation
- Archipelago Approach
- Architecture of Authority
- Architecture of Participation
- Architectures of Control
- Archon Fung
- Argument Map
- Art of Not Being Governed
- Artificial Markets
- Assembly Democracy
- Assembly of the Commons
- Associative Democracy
- Associative Economics
- Athenian Democracy
- Attention Trust
- Autarchism
- Authoritarian Neoliberalism
- Authority
- Authority and Governance as Next Great Internet Disruption
- Authorization and Governance in Virtual Worlds
- Autonomous Commons
- Autonomous Decentralized Enterprise Model
- Autonomous Open Source Community
- Autonomous vs Sponsored Open Source Community
- Autonomous vs Systemic Innovation
- Autonomy and Control in the Era of Post-Privacy
- Autopoetic Systems
- Ayllu
B
- B Corporations
- Bahai Global Governance System
- Balaji Srinivasan on the Network State
- BanLink
- Beneficial Corporations
- Benevolent Dictator
- Berggruen Governance Index
- Berggruen Political Governance Index
- Beth Noveck on the Smart State
- Beyond Adversary Democracy
- Big Man Group
- Bill Veltrop on Infinite Games for New Social Infrastructures
- Bill Witherspoon on Open Book Management
- Biological Human
- Biopower
- Bioregional State
- Bioteaming
- BitGov
- Black Box Society
- Blockchain Governance
- Blockchain Governance and Social Contract Theories
- Blockchain Technology and Polycentric Governance
- Blockchain-Based Virtual Nations
- Blog Comment Systems
- Blog Comments
- Blogosphere
- Blogosphere as a New Form of Political Organization
- Body Without Organs
- Books on Building Online Community
- Bootstrapping Democracy in Brazil
- Boundaryless Organization
- Bow Tie Architecture
- Bow Tie Structures
- Bradley Kuhn on Free Software Communities vs. Open Source Companies
- Brendan Miller
- Brett Frischmann on the Management of Commons Infrastructure
- Brewster Kahle on a New Governance Infrastructure For A Knowledge Society and Economy
- Brittle vs Resilient Systems
- Brokerage, Boundary Spanning, and Leadership in Open Innovation Communities
- Bureaucratic Governance
- Burning Man - Governance
C
- Capital Commons Trusts
- Capital Partnership
- Cartel of Sovereigns
- Catalan Integral Cooperative - Governance
- Catch Share Fishing
- Cathedral and the Bazaar
- Cellular Church
- Center for Communal Studies
- Central Place Theory
- Centralization vs Decentralization Historic Cycle
- Centre for Study of Governance Innovation
- Chamber of the Commons
- Chaordic Organizations - Characteristics
- Chaordic Principles
- China's Policy Towards Social Media and the Internet
- Chris Cook on Peak Credit and Open Capital
- Chris Marsden and Ian Brown on Better Regulation in the Information Age
- Christian Sandström on the Law and Governance Effects of Disruptive Technologies
- Christopher Allen on the Dunbar Number
- Circles
- Citizen Assemblies
- Citizen Deliberative Councils
- Citizen Dialogue and Deliberation
- Citizen Relationship Management
- Citizen-Centered Governance
- Citizendium
- Citizens' Initiative Review
- Civic Democratic Institutions
- Civic Intelligence
- Civic State
- Civil Associations
- Civil Constitutions
- Civil Corporation
- Civil Regulation
- Civil Society
- Civil Society Internet Governance Caucus
- Civisism
- CLASSE - Governance
- Classifications of Communitarianism
- Clay Shirky on Changing Forms of Hierarchy and Leadership
- Clay Shirky on Moderation Patterns
- Clay Shirky on the New Style of Peer Leadership
- Clay Shirky on the Organizational Advantages of Group Leadership
- Cloud Company
- Cloud Country
- Cloud Law
- Co-Evolutionary Cycle
- Co-Governance
- Co-Mantova
- Co-P2P - Finland
- Co-Production
- Co-Sovereignty
- Code 2.0
- Code Space
- Colin Rule on Online Dispute Resolution
- Collaboration Oriented Architecture
- Collaborative Community
- Collaborative Defense
- Collaborative Democracy
- Collaborative Futures
- Collaborative Goods
- Collaborative Governance Projects
- Collaborative Governance Software
- Collaborative Innovation Networks
- Collaborative Organization
- Collaborative Standards Initiatives
- Collaborative State
- Collapse of Complex Societies
- Collective Action
- Collective Action After Networks
- Collective Book on Collective Process
- Collective Choice Systems
- Collective Decision-Making in an Age of Networks
- Collective Individuals
- Collective Leadership
- Colony - Governance