Category:Sharing
Sharing is a concept with competing meanings (it is simply defined by Wikipedia: Sharing as just "the joint use of a resource or space"). But at the P2P Foundation, we sharply distinguish what we consider real sharing (which may involve the joint construction and management of Commons), from simply exchanging goods and services for money over a privately owned platform. The Sharing Economy is therefore a concept which confuses sharply different practices.
Key Quote
While Kevin Carson here is referring primarily to goods, this can also be applied to information resources.
"Sharing is a way of maximizing the utilization of idle productive goods owned by individuals. Just about any tool or appliance you need for a current project, but lack, is probably gathering dust on the shelf of someone within a few blocks of where you live. If the pooling of such idle resources doesn’t seem like much of a deal for the person with the unused appliances, keep in mind first that he isn’t getting anything at all out of them now, second that he may trade access to them for access to other people’s tools that he needs, and third that the arrangement may increase the variety of goods and services he has to choose from outside the wage system." - [1]
Key Concepts of This Category
Most discussion of sharing focuses around material resources being shared by more than one private owner, though sharing also extends to participation, time and labour.
- For examples of sharing major material resources, see (e.g.): Carsharing; Bikesharing; Cohousing.
- For examples including immaterial resources, see (e.g.): Participatory Challenge; Labor Gifting and Sharing; One Couch at a Time; Time Banks
Commercial rental is not covered here, as that is just the resource being used by several people, with the ownership and control remaining entirely with a single entity (individual or business), which extracts a profit from the rental.
When private resources are being 'shared' through a platform, as in the well-known cases of AirBnB, Uber, Taskrabbit and other similar arrangements, the situation is less clear. While many people see these as belonging to the Sharing Economy, others see it as more like commercial rental, with the ownership of the resources being outsourced.
To get a better sense of the different meanings of sharing, we recommend:
- getting a sense of the relational grammar developed by Alan Page Fiske, see: Relational Model Typology - Fiske, which distinguishes the gift economy, commoning, authority ranking and market pricing, as four ways to distribute resources in a society.
- an explanation of the four basic categories of the emerging 'sharing economy', on Youtube [2]; for supporting text and graph, see: Four Future P2P Scenarios. We distinguish four formats for the so-called Sharing Economy, i.e.: Netarchical Capitalism, Distributed Capitalism, Resilient Communities and Global Commons
- Our proposed alternatives to the mainstream sharing economy based on private platforms is Platform Cooperativism and Open Cooperatives
- Friends of the P2P Foundation who are working on a better understanding and better practices for a true sharing economy: Ouishare, Shareable
Useful learning resources
Introductory
Deeper Study
- Introduction to the P2P Foundation Wiki Material about Sharing compiled by Michel Bauwens (ex category page)
- Four Future P2P Scenarios
Critical Material
Related Categories
Related Concepts
- Category: Commons
- Category: Collaborative Economy
- Category: Community
- Category: Cooperation
- Category: Cooperatives ; Category: Platform Cooperatives
- Category: Economics
- Category: Participation
Providing the essential provisions for human life through sharing/commoning
- Category: Agrifood: Air Water Food
- Category: Manufacturing: Clothing and Products
- Category: Energy
- Category: Health Care
- Category: Housing and Shelter
- Category: Transportation
Pages in category "Sharing"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 817 total.
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- Free Literary Text Archives
- Free Logos
- Free Map Wiki
- Free Maps
- Free Online Documentaries
- Free Online Image Banks
- Free Online Journals
- Free Sharing
- Freeconomy Community
- Freecycle
- Frents
- From Designing Products to Thinking New Systems
- FSTR
- Funding Emerging Art with Sustainable Tactics
- Funding for Sharing Economy Startups
G
- Gabriel Mugar
- Gabriel Stempinski and Alexandra Liss on Sharenomics and Sharing Lifestyles
- Garden Sharing
- Generation Y Resilience Handbook
- Get From There
- Getaround - P2P Carsharing
- Gift Circle
- Gift Economies vs. Transactional Economies
- Gift Economy Software
- Gift in Cyberspace
- Giftegrity
- Gig Economy
- Give Away Economy
- Give Away Websites List
- Give Get Nation
- Give-Away Shop
- Giving 2.0
- Giving Circle
- Global Co-Living Providers
- Global Freeloaders
- Global Resource Exchange Groups
- Go Car Share
- Governance Models for Sharing Cities
- Government Support for Coworking
- GradeGuru
- Grass Commons
- Great Sharing Economy
- Greenwheels
- Group-Sharing Resource-Based Economy
- Guide to Collaborative Consumption
- Guido Smorto
H
- Hacker Spaces
- Hacker Spaces - Business Models
- Hacker Tribes
- Hackspace Foundation
- Handbook of the Sharing Economy
- Happiness Ethic
- Health-Care-Sharing Ministries
- Hearth
- Helsinki as Sharing City
- History Commons
- Hitchwiki
- Hoffice
- Homesharing
- Hoopla Radical Craft Zine
- Hosan Lee
- Hospitality Exchange
- Hospitality Exchange Networks
- How Alternative Platforms Combine Open Source with the Defense of Collective Property
- How Sharing in the Digital Age Improves the Way We Work and Live
- How Sharing, Localism, and Connectedness are Creating a New Agenda for Social Design
- How the Law Is Used To Stifle the Sharing Economy
- How the Sharing Economy Causes Social Disruption
- How To Share Guides
- How Workers Are Disrupting the Digital Economy
- Hyperlinked Tape-Trading Communities
- Hyperlocavore
I
- In Kind Exchange
- Innovation Through Collaborative Consumption
- Intentional Hand
- International Coliving Network
- Internet Reputation Systems
- Internet Volunteering Resources
- Interpersonal Forms of Sharing Are Not Enough To Achieve Justice or Sustainability
- Interviews with Pioneers of Sharing Exchanges
- Introduction to the P2P Foundation Wiki Material about Sharing
- Is There Such a Thing as Ethical Capitalism
- Isaac Mao on Sharism, Religion and Culture
- It’s A Shareable Life
J
- James Quilligan and Charles Eisenstein on the Gift Economy and the Commons
- Janelle Orsi on Legal Challenges to Collaborative Consumption and Sharing
- Janelle Orsi on Resource Sharing
- Janelle Orsi on the Legal Framework for Resilient Community Enterprises
- Janelle Orsi on the Requirements for a Real Sharing Economy
- Jens Dyvik on the Sharing Aspects of the Personal Fabrication Revolution
- JFloat
- Job Creation Strategies for Shareable Cities
- Jonathan Rosenberg on Real-Time Social Sharing 2.0
- Julia Gechter
- Juliet Schor on P2P Learning and Connected Consumption
- Juliet Schor on the Goods and Bads of the Sharing Economy
- Just Share It
K
L
- Labor Gifting and Sharing
- Labor Quota System
- Land Share Systems
- Land Sharing
- Landshare
- Landsharing
- Leah Busque on Outsourcing Your Life Through TaskRabbit
- Leasing Society
- Leftover Swap
- Legal Issues Raised by the Sharing Economy
- Legal Landscape of Social Enterprise and the Sharing Economy
- Lending Club
- Leonardo Noleto
- LETSLinkUK
- Let’s Collaborate
- LexShares
- Library of Stuff - Turkey
- Library of Things
- Library of Things Movement
- LibraryThing
- Liquid
- Liquid Space
- Lisa Gansky and Adam Werbach on How P2P and Sharing Are Reshaping Our World
- Lisa Gansky on Connecting Resources for Mutual Benefit
- Lisa Gansky on the Shift to the Sharing Economy
- Little Free Library
- Loanables
- Local Governments and the Sharing Economy
- Local Harvest
- Local Motion
- Localized Exchange Communities
- Loconomics
- Loosecubes
- Lorraine Wilde on Organizing a Community Car Share
- Lyft
M
- Making Space For Others
- Making the Sharing Economy Sustainable
- Maps of Community Bicycle Organizations
- Margarita Rodríguez Ibanez
- Mark Pesce on the Promises and Pitfalls of a Sharing Society
- Mark Rutledge on Cap and Share
- Meal Sharing
- Meat Sharing
- Mesh
- Mesh Business
- Mesh Labs
- Michelle Thorne on Designing for Collaborative Consumption
- Micki Krimmel on NeighborGoods
- Mike Munger on the Sharing Economy and the Regulatory Response
- Milan's Sharing City Policy Strategy
- Millie Rooney
- Mindful Maps Presents Collaborative Consumption
- Missionary Church of Kopimism
- Mobile Giving
- Modified Mutual Housing Association
- Modo
- Moving from a Sharing Economy to a Solidarity Economy
- Multi-Faith Reciprocity Ethic
- Municipal Carsharing
N
- Neal Gorenflo
- Neal Gorenflo on the Sharing Economy
- Needs Sharing
- Negative Reciprocity in the Sharing Economy
- NeighborGoods
- Neighborhood Fruit
- Neighborhood Renting and Loan Systems
- Neighborhood Sharing Sites
- Neighbornode
- Neighbourhood Sharing
- Netention
- New Genres of Collaborative Creativity and the Economics of Online Sharing
- New Sharing Economy
- News about the Sharing Economy via Twitter
- Non-Profit Carsharing Cooperatives
O
- Office Sharing
- On Demand Companies
- On the Uberfication of the University
- On-Demand Workspaces
- One Block Off the Grid
- One Couch at a Time
- Online Gift Economy Resources
- Open Book Management
- Open City Guides
- Open Clip Art Library
- Open Co-Op Project
- Open CourseWare Finder
- Open Courseware Initiative
- Open Desks
- Open Ideas
- Open Offices
- Open Ride
- Open Solace Haiti Project
- Open Source Accommodation
- Open Source Ideas
- Open Source Licensing as a Legal and Economic Modality for the Dissemination of Renewable Energy
Media in category "Sharing"
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