Category:P2P Hierarchy Theory: Difference between revisions
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- Kathia Laszlo [http://saybrook.typepad.com/complexity/2011/09/evolutionary-leadership-the-embodiment-of-systems-being.html] | - Kathia Laszlo [http://saybrook.typepad.com/complexity/2011/09/evolutionary-leadership-the-embodiment-of-systems-being.html] | ||
==Three Principles of Domination, One Principle of Emancipation== | |||
""In actuality, all principles are always in play. There is no domination without exploitation and organisation. But their relative importance varies with the period under consideration. Under the principle of domination, the master denies his slaves an existence which would limit his own. Under the principle of exploitation, the boss grants his workers that degree of existence which fattens and develops his own. The principle of organisation breaks individual existences down into fractions, classifying them according to degrees in each's capacity for leadership or administration. Domination is a right, exploitation a contract, and organisation an ordering of things. The tyrant dominates according to his will to power; the capitalist exploits according to the laws of profit; the organiser programmes and is programmed. The first appeals to arbitrariness, the second to justice, the third to rationality and objectivity." | |||
- Raoul Vaneigem, The Revolution of Everyday Life [http://implizit.blogspot.de/2015/01/the-breakthrough-of-informationalism.html] | |||
According to Thorsten Wiesmann, four principles are at play [http://implizit.blogspot.de/2015/01/the-breakthrough-of-informationalism.html]: | |||
- The Principle of Domination, Characteristic of Feudal Society | |||
- The Principle of Exploitation, Characteristic of Bourgeois Society | |||
- The Principle of Organisation, Characteristic of Technocratic Society | |||
- The Principle of Sharing, Characteristic of the Interactive Society | |||
==For-profit vs for-benefit approaches in p2p-driven economies== | |||
"Each techno-economic paradigm (TEP) is based on a constellation of innovations, both technical and organizational, which are the driving force behind economic development. (...) In this neoliberal format, which became dominant after 1980 before the emergence of civic peer networks on the eve of the 21st century, the part of labor became stagnant and most of the value was streamed toward financial capital. The credit system developed into an increasingly important means to maintain the fictitious buying power of consumers and, therefore, the primary means of surplus realization through debt dependency and servicing. | |||
We argue that this value model of traditional proprietary capitalism, dominant in the installation period of the current TEP, is approaching its terminal point. Its inherent unsustainability is manifested in a twofold problem. On the one hand, industrial capitalism considers nature to be a perpetually abundant resource; that is, it is based on a false notion of material abundance in a finite world. On the other hand, the traditional, industrial version of cognitive capitalism enforces the idea that intellectual, scientific and technical exchange should be subject to strong proprietary constraints. In that way, an artificial scarcity of knowledge is created, subjecting innovation to legal restrictions and allowing for profit maximization and, hence, capital accumulation. (...) The P2P infrastructures, such as the Internet, are those infrastructures for communication, cooperation and common value creation that allow for permission-less interlinking of human cooperators and their technological aids. We argue that such infrastructures are becoming the general conditions of work, life and society. (...) „Value regimes are more or less associated with technology regimes, since the forces at play want to protect their interests through the control of technological and media platforms, which encourage certain behaviors and logics, but discourage others. The powers over technological protocols and value-driven design decisions are used to create technological platforms that match proprietary interests. Even as P2P technologies and networks are becoming ubiquitous, ostensibly similar P2P technologies have very different characteristics which lead to different models of value creation and distribution, and thus to different social and technological behaviors. In networks, human behavior can be subtly – or not so subtly – influenced by design decisions and invisible protocols created in the interest of the owners or managers of the platforms.“ | |||
- Kostakis/Bauwens in [[Network Society and Future Scenarios for a Collaborative Economy]] ; [http://implizit.blogspot.de/2015/01/the-breakthrough-of-informationalism.html] | |||
=Visualizations= | =Visualizations= |
Revision as of 17:03, 26 February 2015
Items to understand hierarchical vs non-hierarchical relations, from a 'p2p' point of view.
Introduction
The Evolution of Hierarchy in the P2P Era
John Heron:
"1. There seem to be at least four degrees of cultural development, rooted in degrees of moral insight:
(1) autocratic cultures which define rights in a limited and oppressive way and there are no rights of political participation;
(2) narrow democratic cultures which practice political participation through representation, but have no or very limited participation of people in decision-making in all other realms, such as research, religion, education, industry etc.;
(3) wider democratic cultures which practice both political participation and varying degree of wider kinds of participation;
(4) commons p2p cultures in a libertarian and abundance-oriented global network with equipotential rights of participation of everyone in every field of human endeavor.”
2. These four degrees could be stated in terms of the relations between hierarchy, co-operation and autonomy.
(1) Hierarchy defines, controls and constrains co-operation and autonomy;
(2) Hierarchy empowers a measure of co-operation and autonomy in the political sphere only;
(3) Hierarchy empowers a measure of co-operation and autonomy in the political sphere and in varying degrees in other spheres;
(4) The sole role of hierarchy is in its spontaneous emergence in the initiation and continuous flowering of autonomy-in-co-operation in all spheres of human endeavor."
Citations
This idea that “everyone follows and everyone leads” is powerful because it captures the understanding that we are co-producers of our social realities. It is a reflection of the systemic nature of human relations: fluid, dynamic, reciprocal.
- Kathia Laszlo [1]
Three Principles of Domination, One Principle of Emancipation
""In actuality, all principles are always in play. There is no domination without exploitation and organisation. But their relative importance varies with the period under consideration. Under the principle of domination, the master denies his slaves an existence which would limit his own. Under the principle of exploitation, the boss grants his workers that degree of existence which fattens and develops his own. The principle of organisation breaks individual existences down into fractions, classifying them according to degrees in each's capacity for leadership or administration. Domination is a right, exploitation a contract, and organisation an ordering of things. The tyrant dominates according to his will to power; the capitalist exploits according to the laws of profit; the organiser programmes and is programmed. The first appeals to arbitrariness, the second to justice, the third to rationality and objectivity."
- Raoul Vaneigem, The Revolution of Everyday Life [2]
According to Thorsten Wiesmann, four principles are at play [3]:
- The Principle of Domination, Characteristic of Feudal Society - The Principle of Exploitation, Characteristic of Bourgeois Society - The Principle of Organisation, Characteristic of Technocratic Society - The Principle of Sharing, Characteristic of the Interactive Society
For-profit vs for-benefit approaches in p2p-driven economies
"Each techno-economic paradigm (TEP) is based on a constellation of innovations, both technical and organizational, which are the driving force behind economic development. (...) In this neoliberal format, which became dominant after 1980 before the emergence of civic peer networks on the eve of the 21st century, the part of labor became stagnant and most of the value was streamed toward financial capital. The credit system developed into an increasingly important means to maintain the fictitious buying power of consumers and, therefore, the primary means of surplus realization through debt dependency and servicing. We argue that this value model of traditional proprietary capitalism, dominant in the installation period of the current TEP, is approaching its terminal point. Its inherent unsustainability is manifested in a twofold problem. On the one hand, industrial capitalism considers nature to be a perpetually abundant resource; that is, it is based on a false notion of material abundance in a finite world. On the other hand, the traditional, industrial version of cognitive capitalism enforces the idea that intellectual, scientific and technical exchange should be subject to strong proprietary constraints. In that way, an artificial scarcity of knowledge is created, subjecting innovation to legal restrictions and allowing for profit maximization and, hence, capital accumulation. (...) The P2P infrastructures, such as the Internet, are those infrastructures for communication, cooperation and common value creation that allow for permission-less interlinking of human cooperators and their technological aids. We argue that such infrastructures are becoming the general conditions of work, life and society. (...) „Value regimes are more or less associated with technology regimes, since the forces at play want to protect their interests through the control of technological and media platforms, which encourage certain behaviors and logics, but discourage others. The powers over technological protocols and value-driven design decisions are used to create technological platforms that match proprietary interests. Even as P2P technologies and networks are becoming ubiquitous, ostensibly similar P2P technologies have very different characteristics which lead to different models of value creation and distribution, and thus to different social and technological behaviors. In networks, human behavior can be subtly – or not so subtly – influenced by design decisions and invisible protocols created in the interest of the owners or managers of the platforms.“
- Kostakis/Bauwens in Network Society and Future Scenarios for a Collaborative Economy ; [4]
Visualizations
Post Leadership
- Source: Stephen Downes
Management | Leadership | That something else better that isn't management or leadership | |
Attitude | Compliance | Humility | Service |
Authority | Based upon title | Based upon earned trust | None; offers an example which may be followed or not |
Questions | Questions are viewed as a threat to authority | Encourages questions to develop an ethical understanding | Asked frequently |
The Framework | Procedural | Relational | Engaged and connected |
Rules / Boundaries | Based upon conformity | Based upon an ethical, philosophical concept | Based on respect for others |
Procedures | Standardized | Personalized | Adapted as needed |
Innovation | Discouraged if it challenges the status quo | Provides a vision that inspires others | Secondary to creativity, freedom and exploration |
Submission | Forced: based upon a fear | Voluntarily: submitting to another's strengths to protect one's weaknesses | There is no submission; exchanges are mutual and of mutual value |
Motivation | Extrinsic | Intrinsic | Not necessary |
The Results | Behave externally but rebel internally (or when no one is looking) | Empathetic, ethical thinkers who want to do what is right | Cooperative environment populated by creative and expressive individuals who see respect for and service to others as the highest good |
Key Resources
Key Articles
- Kathia Laszlo: From Systems Thinking to Systems Being
- The Rise of Organizational Complexity, see: Y. Bar-Yam, Complexity rising: From human beings to human civilization, a complexity profile, Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS UNESCO Publishers, Oxford, UK, 2002); also NECSI Report 1997-12-01 (1997). [5]
Key Books
- Brown, D.E. Hierarchy, History, and Human Nature (Kentucky: Kentucky University Press, 1988)
- Kent Flannery and Joyce Marcus’ The Creation of Inequality: How Our Prehistoric Ancestors Set the Stage for Monarchy, Slavery, and Empire (2012).
Pages in category "P2P Hierarchy Theory"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 627 total.
(previous page) (next page)A
- Abundance Engineering vs Scarcity Engineering
- Acephalous Organisation
- Achievement-Based Societies
- Achieving Personal and Relational Coherence Through Enabling Constraints
- Action Leadership as a Participatory Paradigm
- Activation Network Organizational Frame
- Ad-Hoc Teams
- Affective Strategies of Contemporary Capitalism, and the Resistance to and Transformation of Anxiety
- After Hegemony
- Agamben's Theory of Power
- Algo-Robotic Systems
- Algocracy
- Algocratic Governance
- Algocratic Modes of Organization for Global Labor Coordination
- Algorithmic Accountability of Journalists
- Algorithmic Authority
- Algorithmic Economy
- Algorithmic Management
- Algorithmic Power
- Algorithmically–Defined Audiences
- Algorithms of Oppression
- Altitude Lens Sickness
- Anarchism and Authority
- Andrew McAfee on Combining Hierarchy and Networks
- Ann Pendleton-Jullian on Power in the Change from a Triformist Era to a Quadriformist Era
- Anoptism
- Anti-Heroic Leadership
- Anti-Humanism
- Anti-Leaders in Social Movements
- Anti-Power
- Archaeology of Wealth Differences
- Architecture of Authority
- Architectures of Control
- Arnold Schroder on Left Authoritarianism
- Arnold Schroder on the Difference Between Equality and Equity
- Artificial Intelligence and Equality Initiative
- Authoritarianism
- Authority
- Authority Hysteresis
- Autonomy
- Autonomy and Horizontalism in Argentina
B
- Benevolent Sexism
- Bernard Stiegler on Social Networking As the New Political Question
- Beyond Civilization
- Beyond the Nomadic Egalitarian Model in the Pleistocene Epoch
- Birth of Impersonal Exchange
- Bitcoin Scaling Debate
- Black Box Society
- Brain Size and Egalitarianism
- Breakdown of Nations
- Bureaucracy
- Bureaucratic Governance
C
- Camilla Power on Reconstructing the Religion of Hunter-Gatherer Societies
- Camilla Power on the Dialectics of Conflict and Cooperation Through Selfish Gene Dynamics
- Camillo Power on How Selfish Gene Theory and Evolution Led To Human Capacity for Solidarity
- Capitalism as a Transformation of Slavery
- Carne Ross on the Leaderless Revolution
- Cartel of Sovereigns
- Center for Partnership Systems
- Cesar Hidalgo on the Meritocracy and Topocracy of Networks
- Challenging the Hegemony in the Late Pleistocene of the Nomadic-Egalitarian Model
- Changes and Cycles in the Scale of Settlements and Polities Since the Bronze Age
- Charlene Li on Post-Hierarchical Management
- Chuck Collins on Inequality and the Common Good
- Circulation of Elites
- Civilization
- Clay Shirky on Hierarchy and Group Leadership
- Clay Shirky on the Organizational Advantages of Group Leadership
- Coding as Aesthetic and Political Expression
- Coercion
- Coercion and Exchange
- Collaboration in the Absence of Authority
- Collective Action After Networks
- Collectivism
- Collegially Applied Spirituality
- Coming of Neo Feudalism
- Commons Animators
- Commons Equality Principle
- Commons Framework
- Communes
- Communism
- Community and Cooperative Renewable Energy Powershifts
- Competency Network
- Competitive Fragmentation of Power
- Computational Evidence for the Cognitive Costs of Sociality
- Computing Regime
- Conceptology of Learning and Leading at Work
- Constituent Power
- Consumer
- Consumption
- Cooperative Eye Hypothesis
- Cooperative Eyes
- Cooperative Game Theory
- Cosmo-Localization and Leadership For the Future
- Cosmopolitan Localism as a Transition Design Strategy
- Counterdominance
- Covenantal Egalitarian Societies
- Creation of Inequality
- Creation of Patriarchy
- Critical Algorithm Studies
- Critical Leadership Studies
- Critique of the Anarchist Vision of Power
- Crowdslaving
- Cultivating Flows
- Cultural Dimensions of Hierarchy and Power in the History of Civilizations
- Cultural Diversity
- Cultural Domination
- Cultural Multilevel Selection
- Current Synthesis Version of the Egalitarian Origins of Humanity
- Cyclical Theory of Elite Competition, Extraction and Exhaustion
D
- Daniel Bitton on the Evolution of the Concept of Egalitarianism
- Daniel Mezick on Ritual and Hierarchy in the Context of Egalitarianism
- DAOstack
- Data Colonialism
- David Graeber and David Wengrow Do Not Understand Equality vs Hierarchy
- David Graeber on Bureaucracy and the Utopia of Rules
- David Harvey on the Fetishism of the Local and Horizontal
- Dawn of Everything
- Debt Obligations and Hierarchy
- Decentralization
- Decentralization as a Means for Developers and other Stakeholders to Take Back Control from Centralized Platforms
- Decentralization Theater
- Decentralization-Based Typology of Peer Production
- Decentralized Accelerationism
- Deep Equality
- Deep Equality vs Surface Equality
- Deep History of the Earliest States
- Deficit Thinking
- Democracy, Redistribution and Equality
- Democratic Institutional Design
- Democratic vs Dominance Hierarchy as a Spectrum
- Designing Freedom
- Difference Between Democratic and Dominance Hierarchies
- Differences Between the Great Chain of Being and Emergentism
- Digital Sovereignty
- Dignism
- Dignity Economy
- Disappearing World of the Bushmen
- Diseconomies of Scale
- Disobedience vs Transgression
- Dispositif
- Disruptive Power
- Dissensus
- Distributed Leadership
- Distributed Process
- Diversity
- DNA and the Social Order
- Dominance Hierarchy
- Domination and the Arts of Resistance
- Dynamic Hierarchy
E
- Ecopoiesis
- Egalitarian
- Egalitarian Behavior and Reverse Dominance Hierarchy
- Egalitarian Immediate-Return Band Hunter-Gatherers
- Egalitarian Liberalism
- Egalitarian Productive Communities
- Egalitarian Societies
- Egalitarian Society
- Egalitarianism
- Egalitarianism as the Economic Revolution of the 20th Cy
- Elite Replacement
- Elizabeth Anderson on How Employers Rule Our Lives
- Emancipation
- Emergence of Chiefdoms
- Emergentism
- Emerging Leader Labs
- Empire and Communications
- Empirical Investigation into Collaborative Heroism
- End of Leadership
- End of Power
- Energy as the Currency of Power and its Necessary Evolutionary Self-Limitation
- Engage Global, Test Local, Spread Viral
- Entrepreneurs as the New Labor Class
- Equality of All Things
- Equality of Power in Politics
- Equitism
- Equity vs Equality as the Different Strategies To Produce Fairness
- Evaluating Spiritual and Utopian Groups
- Evan McMullen on Scale Variance in Society
- Evidence for an Increasing Egalitarian Tendency in Human Evolution
- Evolution of Childhood and Parenting Practices
- Evolution of Leadership and Organizational Theories Toward an Open System
- Evolution of the Territorial Sizes of Empires
- Evolution, Complexity and Cognition Research Group
- Evolutionary Leadership
- Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding
- Evolutionary Theory of Resource Distribution
F
- Farming and the Origins of Hierarchy
- Fear Culture vs Safety Culture
- Federated Scaling
- Female Cosmetic Coalition Model
- Feminist Theory and Free Software
- First Human Revolution
- Foragers vs Hunter-Gatherers
- Formal Rules for a Society Neutral Among Communities
- Foundational Criteria of Commons Economics
- Four Power Networks Theory of Michael Mann