Category:Urbanism
Category for city-related pages, urbanism, architectural trends.
The P2P Foundation supports efforts towards Peer-to-Peer Urbanism and Commons-based Urbanism, (i.e. Komunal or common land approaches).
We also particularly appreciate the P2P-Urbanism approach taken by Nikos Salingaros, Gruppo Salingaros and other bio-urbanist friends.
- Prototype for Open Source Urbanism: must-read landmark essay by Alberto Corsin Jimenez , on how our cities are changing in the p2p urbanism era, with an in-depth case study of Madrid.
Introduction
Gonzalo Jose Lopez [1]:
"In computer science, the term “peer-to-peer” refers to a network formed by a series of nodes that behave as equal to each other, acting both as clients and servers for the other network nodes, allowing direct exchange of information.
This is a theoretical movement, emerged from informal settlements and self-constructed architecture, considering these processes as beneficial for the evolution of the urban environment and returning to the user the participation and the decision making power that was lost.
It tries to accommodate the different practices that are currently appearing in the urban discipline, some of which I have spoken here before, as the tactical urbanism, the spontaneous city or crowdfunding, among others.
All of them based on a horizontal urbanism, bottom-up projects, with the common feature of requiring the commitment and participation of citizens involved in the process."
Characteristics:
"In Urbanism, the application of this term has led to a movement that draws on the principles of open source and is defined in 5 points:
1. The human being has the right to choose the built environment in which to live.
2. All citizens should have access to information regarding their environment in order to engage in processes of decision making.
3. Users should participate in all levels of co-design and construction of their city.
4. P2P Urbanism practitioners are committed to spreading knowledge about open source technologies and theories.
5. The owners of the built environment should be able to implement the development of knowledge, skills and practices on it."
Sharing Cities and Regions
Movements
Policies
- Policy Ideas for Shareable Urban Housing, from SELC, USA ; Job Creation Strategies for Shareable Cities
- Policies for a Shareable City: Shareable Magazine's 20-part series on policies that foster resource sharing, co-production, and mutual aid in cities [2]
- As a eBook "Guide": Policies for Shareable Cities: A Sharing Economy Policy Primer for Urban Leaders. Shareable and Sustainable Economies Law Center, 2013. 40 pages. [3]
- TOP 10 THINGS A CITY CAN DO TO BECOME A SHAREABLE CITY. April Rinne.
- Circular Economy Policies for Cities. Report by Comuni Virtuosi
Examples
- Sharing City Seoul ; Share Hub Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Act for Promoting Sharing.
- Homegrown Minneapolis Commons-Based Food Policy Blueprint ; Neighborhood Revitalization Program - Minneapolis
- Naples' Italy: Assessor of the Commons with Aqua Beni Commune project
- Open Commons Region Linz
- San Francisco Sharing Economy Working Group with SF72, project to harness the power of sharing to ensure the best response to future disasters in San Francisco [4]
- The urban region of Bordeaux in France is making the 'collaborative economy' the central theme of its future territorial development.
- Edinburgh Cooperative Capital Policy Strategies
- Helsinki Open Data City
- Oakland Maker City
- The Barcelona Pledge for a Fab City ? See: Fab Cities and the Barcelona 5.0 Plan
Maps
Directory
Sampled from a more comprehensive list compiled by Mira Luna for Shareable [5]:
- Ann Arbor Sharing Economy
- Sharing City Berlin
- Boulder Sharing Economy
- Sharing City Graz
- Helsinki Commons
- Mappa Alternativa di Napoli
Citations
We have fractured these urban networks, and rebuilt much more dispersed, “dendritic” systems, connected not by pedestrians, but by automobiles, dispersed suburban campuses and parks, and single-family monocultures, supplemented by telephones and now, computers. The majority of us lives in encapsulated houses, in encapsulated neighborhoods, and travel in encapsulated cars to encapsulated work places, stores and other destinations.
- Michael Mehaffy [6]
"There are two types of smart city. The P2P smart city, which enables citizens to exchange information directly with each other. Then there's the panoptic smart city, in which data is centralised, manipulated, and then used to control city functions."
- David Week, FB 30/9/2014
Key Resources
- Ranking of Top 50 influencers, projects, professionals and cities active on Twitter seeking and sharing Ideas, Strategies, References and Solutions for Resilient, Liveable and Shareable Cities. [7]
The article mentions the following:
- Open-data initiatives and hackathons, like New York City's BigApps competition
- Parking apps that show drivers where the nearest available parking spot it.
- Apps that let users "adopt" city property so the city doesn't have to spend money sending personnel to tend to them.
- High-tech waste management systems. Pay As You Throw (PAYT) garbage disposal would encourage people to recycle more and waste less
- All-digital and easy-to-use parking payment systems -- think EZ-pass for parking.
- A city guide app, with information about museums, parks, landmarks, public art, restaurants
- Touchscreens around the city
- Wi-Fi in subway stations and on trains
- Sustainable and energy efficient residential and commercial real estate.
- Dynamic kiosks that display real-time information, concerning traffic, weather and local news, like Urbanflow in Helsinki.
- App or social media-based emergency alert and crisis response systems -- every citizen should have access to vital information
- Police forces that use real-time data to monitor and prevent crime.
- More public transit, high-speed trains, and bus rapid transit (BRT) to help citizens traverse the city with speed and low emissions.
- OLED lights and surveillance in high-crime zones, like the 24/7 system coming to Kolkata
- Charging stations, like the solar-powered Strawberry Tree in Serbia. They also function as bus stops and Wi-Fi hot spots.
- Roofs covered with solar panels or gardens. You could even generate solar energy on bike paths, like Amsterdam's SolaRoad.
- Bike-sharing programs, like in Paris, Washington, D.C., and the ones coming to Los Angeles and New York.
- A sharing economy, instead of a buying economy. If we share or rent from each other, we each need to buy and store fewer goods -- think Rent the Runway, Netflix, Airbnb.
- Smart climate control systems in homes and businesses, for example, the Nest thermostat.
- Widespread use of traffic rerouting apps, such as Greenway and Waze.
- Water-recycling systems
- Crowdsourced urban planning, like Brickstarter.
- Broadband Internet access for all citizens
- Mobile payments. Everywhere. For food, apparel and public transportation.
- Ride-sharing programs
Key Articles
- First, a word of caution: David Harvey on the Fetishism of the Local and Horizontal
- Peer-to-Peer Themes and Urban Priorities for the Self-organizing Society. By Nikos A. Salingaros. University of Texas at San Antonio. A contribution from April 26, 2010.
- A Brief History of P2P-Urbanism. Great intro by Nikos A. Salingaros & Federico Mena-Quintero
- Stefano Serafini on the Emergence of Biourbanism
- Pulska Grupa: P2P Urbanism: From Exclusion to Autonomy
- Design for a Post-Neoliberal City. Jesko Fezer. e-flux journal 17, 06/2016. [8] "From being strategic sites for the implementation of neoliberal policy, cities may possibly become a new political arena for experiments in democracy—and thus require a new design.
- Adaptive Architecture, Collaborative Design, and the Evolution of Community: Text by Eric Hunting, on the future of a p2p-based 'Adaptive Architecture'.
- David Barrie: Towards Open Source Place-Making
- Codes and the Architecture of Life. By Michael Mehaffy
- Jason F. Mclennan. The Urban Agriculture Revolution. Bringing Food into Living Cities. http://www.urbanfarmhub.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/urban-agriculture-revolution.pdf]: An important and sensible overview of why this is happening.
- The Radical Technology of Christopher Alexander. By Michael Mehaffy and Nikos Salingaros. Introduction to the Pattern Language work inspiring the P2P urbanistic community.
- Urban Public Spaces as Commons: Article: CHALLENGE OF NEW COMMONS – URBAN PUBLIC SPACES . Veronika Poklembovái, Tatiana Kluvánková-Oravskáii, Maroš Finkaiii. [9]: "In this paper we are critically discussing with existing literature and case studies the applicability and relevance of the design principles for urban public spaces as urban commons."
- More on the bio-urbanistic work of Nikos A. Salingaros (and Michael Mehaffy), in an ongoing series in Metropolis magazine:
- Øyvind Holmstad's introduction
- Series accessible via http://www.metropolismag.com/pov/author/nikos
- The Radical Technology of Christopher Alexander
- The Sustainable Technology of Christopher Alexander
- The Pattern Technology of Christopher Alexander
- The Living Technology of Christopher Alexander
- The “Wholeness-Generating” Technology of Christopher Alexander
- How-To:
- How to Start a Housing Co-op (U.S.)
Key Blogs and Websites
- The P2P Urbanism pages of the International Society of BioUrbanism, at http://www.biourbanism.org/p2p-urbanism/
- Peer to Peer Urbanism blog at http://p2purbanism.blogspot.com/
Key Books
- Common Ground in a Liquid City: Essays in Defense of an Urban Future. Matt Hern. AK Press, 2009. [10]: If we want to preserve what's still left of the natural world, we need to stop using so much of it. And cities are the best chance we have left for a sustainable future ... but only if they remain vibrant, dynamic spaces that are unfolded by millions of people working together—and not by master plans and planners. What will it take to make our cities truly sustainable?
- (e)Book: How to Design Our World for Happiness. The Commons Guide to Placemaking, Public space, and Enjoying a Convivial Life. By Jay Walljasper and On the Commons, 2013. [11]
Key People
- Alberto Corsin Jimenez: p2p urbanist researcher in Madrid
- Neal Gorenflo: Sharing Cities Network, Shareable magazine
- Nikos Salingaros
- Stefano Serafini: bio-urbanist in Rome
- John Thackara: close observer
- Caroline Woodard: urban community land trusts in Brooklyn
Key Tags
- http://del.icio/mbauwens/P2P-Urbanism
- http://del.icio/mbauwens/P2P-Architecture
- http://del.icio/mbauwens/P2P-Neighborhoods
- http://del.icio/mbauwens/P2P-Cities
Key Projects
- Policies for a Shareable City: the series initiated by Neal Gorenflo of Shareable magazine will cover 20 policy areas to inspire discussion among citizens and city leaders.
- City-Based Food Commons (the Homegrown Minneapolis Commons-Based Food Policy Blueprint)
Open Source Building and Housing Projects
Updated list via [12]:
- Auram CEB Block System] developed at Auroville India: This is the most advanced CEB block system in existence. Sort-of open in that they claim the technology is offered free to the world to use, but don't publish exact plans for anything
- Backcountry Boiler - kickstarter supported long tail manufacturing of an ultralight outdoor kettle
- Contraptor: aiming to create an open-design construction set,
- DIY Magic Mirror - An Arduino, open source based interactive Magic Mirror with home automation and Halloween features.
- Fragment Store]: modular self-combined fragments of design furniture
- Freebus - an Open Source Home Automation System
- Good Stove, open source stove for the poor
- Grid Beam Building System, reuseable parts for building
- Hexayurt, an open source disaster relief shelter
- Ikea Hacker Do it yourself blog on the base of corporate products
- Liberator, aka "Open Farm Tech's Liberator Compressed Earth Block machine; [13]
- Makerbeam
- MIT House-n 'chassis' system
- Movisi Open Design Furniture
- [http://wiki.openhardware.org/Catalog:One_Day_Chair One Day Chair: Chair design for a CNC cutter
- Open Architecture Network
- Open Remote, an Open Domotics community
- Open Sailing: modular marine architecture
- Open Source Construction Systems
- Open Source Geopolymer Cast Stone Construction; eopolymer House blog [14]
- Open Source Cooling: KippKitts is designing open-source low-voltage (24V), high-efficiency (@2A) DC cooling units (air-conditioner/cpu cooler/refigeration) [15]
- Open Source House: 2 project; most recent is here
- Open Source Induction Furnace Project
- Open Source Washing Machine OSWASH
- Open Straw is an Open Source Prefab Strawbale House that can be built for $7k [16]
- WikiHouse: fabricated from locally sourced plywood cut on a CNC mill from openly shared template files, and assembled with minimal skill by local people.
Key Videos
See also:
- From the Commoning the City conference in Stockholm, April 2013:
- Stavros Stavrides on Inventing Open Institutions and Spaces of Sharing
- Saki Bailey on Governing the Wealth of Urban Commons Beyond Ownership
- Alex Haché and Marcell Mars on the Evolution from Digital to Urban Commons
- Pier Paolo Fanesi on the Experience in Common Governance Through Participatory Budgetting in Grottammare Municipality
Pages in category "Urbanism"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 1,014 total.
(previous page) (next page)A
- A Definition of P2P Urbanism
- Activating the Urban Commons Through Sharing Cities
- Active Public Space
- Ada Colau, Barcelona's New Mayor, on Spain's Political Revolution
- Adam Greenfield Against the Smart City
- Adam Greenfield on Public Objects, Connected Things and Civic Responsibilities in the Networked City
- Adam Greenfield on Smart Cities
- Adam Greenfield on the Emotional Aspects of Living in the Networked City
- Adaptive Architecture, Collaborative Design, and the Evolution of Community
- Adem
- Against the Smart City
- Agatino Rizzo
- Agenda Colaborativa de Porto Alegre
- Agriculture in Urban Planning
- Agrihood
- Airbnb and Gentrification Through the Sharing Economy
- Aker
- Alastair Parvin on the Future of Regulation and Governance of the Urban in an Era of Open Systems
- Alastair Parvin on the Wikihouse Open Source Construction Set
- Alastair Parvin on Wikihouse
- Alastair Parvin on Wikihouse's Open Source Architecture
- Alberto Corsin Jimenez
- Alex Grintsvayg on the CABIN Globally Networked City
- Alex Haché and Marcell Mars on the Evolution from Digital to Urban Commons
- Alex Steffen on the Shareable Future of Cities
- Algorithmic Sustainable Design
- Allied Media Projects
- Alternative Forms of Common-Interest Communities
- Amsterdam 2018 Coalition Accord and its Commons-Centric Elements
- Amsterdam Connected and Sustainable Work Policy
- Amsterdam Is Pivoting to Doughnut Economics as Policy Framework
- Ana Méndez de Andés
- Ancient City
- Andrea Reimer on Open Cities and the Open Motion in Vancouver
- Andres Duany on Agricultural Urbanism
- Anna Cowen
- Anthropological Analysis of Civic Experimentation with Free Culture in the City
- Anthropological Trompe l’Oeil for a Common World
- April Rinne on How Sharing Cities Are Rethinking Urban Planning for Sustainability
- Architecture Design Sharing
- Architecture of Open Source Applications
- Architecture of Resistance
- Architecture Wikis
- Artistic Constitutions of the Common City
- Assembly of the Commons - Helsinki
- Assessor of the Commons
- Asset-Based Community Development Institute
- Asset-Light Mobility Ecosystem
- Augmented Urban Spaces
- Autonomous Research Lab of Crete
- Awakening the Power of Families and Neighborhoods
B
- Barcelona 5.0 Plan
- Barcelona Activa
- Barcelona City Council Digital Plan
- Barcelona City Data Commons
- Barcelona City Policies
- Barcelona Commissioner for Cooperative, Social and Solidarity Economy and Consumption
- Barcelona Digital City Plan
- Barcelona Digital City Plan 2015-2019
- Barcelona en Comú
- Barcelona Environmental Ordinance
- Barcelona MADE Project
- Barcelona Maker Faire
- Barcelona Manifesto in Favour of Technological Sovereignty and Digital Rights for Cities
- Barcelona Rooftops
- Barcelona Social Economy
- BarCola
- Benjamin Barber on City-Based Global Governance
- Benjamin Barber on Why Mayors Should Rule the World
- Benjamin Chodoroff on the Detroit Digital Justice Coalition
- Berlin's Remunicipalization of its Energy Utilities
- Beyond Voting - New York City
- Bike Kitchens
- Bikesharing
- Bio Urbanism
- Biourbanism
- Blair Evans on Developments in Urban Agriculture
- Blight Status New Orleans
- Blockchains and the Crypto-City
- Bologna as a City of Collaboration
- Bologna Regulation for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons
- Bologna's Urban Commons Approach
- Bottom-Up Energy Transition
- Brad Lander on NYC Municipal Regulations to Protect Gig Economy Workers
- Bral
- Brief History of P2P-Urbanism
- Bristol's Food Policy and Urban Agriculture Movement
- Brixton Pound
- Bruce Sterling on Smart City States
- Brussels Together
- Building a Co-Cities Index To Measure the Implementation of the EU and UN Urban Agenda
C
- C-Lab Project
- C40 Megacity Coalition Against Climate Change
- Carlo Ratti on the Real Time City
- Carlo Ratti on the Sensable City
- Carsharing Policy
- Cave Co-operative
- Cecile Blanchet on Energy as a Commons and Remunicipalization in Germany
- Centralization vs Decentralization Historic Cycle
- CfA Commons
- Changes in Urban Governance Under a Radical Left Government in Barcelona
- Changescaping
- Changing Societies through Urban Commons Transitions
- Charles Leadbeater on Education Innovation in the Slums
- Chris Carlsson
- Christa Müller
- Christian Iaione
- Christian Iaone on the Urban Commons Charters in Italy
- Christine Peterson on Open Source Sensing
- Circular Cities
- Circular Cities Hub
- Circular City Open Labs
- Circular Economy Policies for Cities
- Citadel on the Move
- CITIE Framework for Indicators for Sharing Cities
- Cities Approach to Sustainability
- Cities as Commons
- Cities as the Ultimate Commons
- Cities Building Community Wealth
- Cities Collaborating for the Circular Economy
- Cities Developing Worker Co-ops
- Cities Farming for the Future
- Cities of Change
- Citizen Laboratories
- Citizen Tech Movement
- Citizen's Parliament in Catalonia
- Citizen-Led Peer-Produced Urbanism
- Cittaslow
- City Administrations as Practitioners of the Commons in Europe
- City and the Grassroots
- City as a Commons
- City as a Commons Policy Reader
- City as a Grid
- City as Common Good
- City as Commons
- City as Platform
- City Camp
- City Coins
- City DAO
- City Hacking Academy Berlin
- City Makers Movement
- City Networks
- City of Commonists
- City of Vancouver as Cooperative City
- City of Vancouver’s Food Strategy
- City of Workshops
- City Repair
- City Resilience Index
- City Sense
- City State Code - Germany
- City Street Trust
- City, Anonymity, and P2P Relationality
- City-Based Departments of the Commons
- City-Based Food Commons
- City-Owned Sharing and Exchange Platforms
- Cityleft
- Ciudad Escuela
- Civic eState Network
- Civic Hackers, and the Quest for the New Smart City Utopia
- Civic Tech and Place-Based Municipalism
- Clay Shirky on the New Digitally Social Urbanism
- Co-Bologna
- Co-Cities
- Co-Cities Open Book
- Co-Cities Project
- Co-Cities Report on the Urban Commons Transitions
- Co-City
- Co-City Protocol
- Co-City Turin
- Co-Mantova
- Co-Mantua
- Co-operative Place Making and Capturing Land Value for 21st Century Garden Cities
- Code for America
- Code for America Peer Network
- CogniCity
- Cognitive Dissonance and Non-adaptive Architecture
- Cohousing
- Collaborative Cities
- Collaborative for Inclusive Urbanism
- Collaborative Planning
- Collaborative Rationality for Public Policy
- Collaborative Territories Toolkit
- Collective Housing
- Collective Planning Design
- Common Good Placemaking
- Common Ground in a Liquid City
- Common Space
- Commoning Democracy and Citizen Peer Production in Brisbane
- Commoning the City
- Commons 4 EU
- Commons as Wilds Infrastructure
- Commons Economy and Value Systems
- Commons Guide to Placemaking, Public Space, and Enjoying a Convivial Life
- Commons Lab Antwerp
- Commons Transition Plan for Amsterdam
- Commons Transition Plan for the City of Ghent
- Commons-Based Urbanism
Media in category "Urbanism"
The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total.
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Geometrical Fundamentalism.pdf ; 180 KB
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P2PUrbanism definition.pdf ; 140 KB