From P2P Foundation

This is a new section to encourage the sharing of resources and the creation of Use Communities.

The P2P Foundation fully supports the Shareable initiative. And we listen to the Sharing Song by Jack Johnson.

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Related Wiki sections 3 Citations 3.1 Engineering Abundance by Sharing Surplus 4 Economic Value 5 Directories 6 Examples 6.1 Transportation 6.2 Neighbors Goods Commons 6.3 Energy 6.4 Sharing Skills and Services 6.5 Art and Culture 6.6 Travel 6.7 Coworking 6.8 Food 7 Key Initiatives 7.1 Sharing Cities and Regions 8 Key Resources 8.1 Key Articles 8.2 Key Books 8.3 Key Videos

Introduction

• For general info, see also Collaborative Consumption

1. In this article on Use Communities, Alex Steffen argues that sharing infrastructures are vital for sustainability
2. A Typology of Sharing Practices: Business to Consumer Sharing, Consumer to Consumer Sharing, and Business to Business Sharing

• The three major categories of sharing, according to Rachel Botsman in her book on the Rise of Collaborative Consumption:

1. Product Service Systems like Bikesharing and Carsharing, based on a ‘usage mindset’ whereby you pay for the benefit of a product – what it does for you - without needing to own the product outright.
2. Redistribution Markets like Freecycle and eBay, used or pre-owned goods are redistributed from where they are not needed to somewhere or someone where they are
3. Collaborative Lifestyles like Couchsurfing, and the Lending Club: sharing and exchange of resources and assets such as time, food, space, skills, and money

For a more radical approach that involves stronger elements of communal living, see the work of A. Allen Butcher on Communal Economics, and his useful typology of Production Sharing and Communal Distribution.

Policy and ther recommendations:

• Policies for a Shareable City: the series initiated by Neal Gorenflo of Shareable magazine will cover 20 policy areas to inspire discussion among citizens and city leaders.
• Sharing businesses, especially the peer-to-peer flavor, have unique legal and liability issues. They may violate zoning, health, safety, or insurance laws. If in doubt, and you live in the U.S., check with Janelle Orsi, the sharing lawyer, or the Sustainable Economies Law Center.

Related Wiki sections

• Material on "Participation", http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Participation

• Cooperation and cooperatives, http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Cooperation ; http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Cooperatives

• Material on "Facilitation", http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Facilitation

• Material on "Collective Intelligence", http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Intelligence

Citations

Engineering Abundance by Sharing Surplus

Marina Gorbis:

"Not everyone has a large house to trade or a large sum of money to donate but look around you -- we have excess of stuff, talent, ideas, information--in our homes , in our communities, and in our organizations. We are over-producing and under-utilizing resources all over the place. Witness the recent example of clothing retailers like H&M deliberately mutilating and tossing unsold clothes in the trash. Many experts in retail concede that the practice is not uncommon--for some unfathomable "economic" reason it makes more sense to destroy clothes than to release them into a local community. The situation is even worse when it comes to food. We over-produce and waste a lot of it. According to the USDA, just over a quarter of America's food -- about 25.9 million tons -- gets thrown into the garbage can every year. University of Arizona estimates that the number is closer to 50 percent. The country's supermarkets, restaurants and convenience stores alone throw out 27 million tons between them every year (representing $30 billion of wasted food). This is why the U.N. World Food Program says the total food surplus of the U.S. alone could satisfy "every empty stomach" in Africa. How about empty stomachs in our own communities? The list goes on an on. We have surplus of space--many commercial buildings, schools, corporate and government spaces are underutilized, while many small organizations and individuals are struggling to find spaces for their work. We also have excess of talent--musicians, artists, designers, educated unemployed people, young and old--needing audiences, venues to work in, or contribute ideas to." (http://boingboing.net/2010/02/08/marina-gorbis-crowds.html)

Economic Value

Rachel Botsman, author of the book, What's Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption, expects the consumer peer-to-peer rental market to become a $26 billion industry." (http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/arabic/article.cfm?articleid=2714)

"Uniiverse has collated some startling figures detailing the opportunity space of ‘idlesourcing’:

• There are one billion cars on the road, 740 million of them carrying only one person, and 470m would be willing to carpool.

• There are 460 million homes in the developed world, with on average $3,000 worth of unused items available; and 69% of households would share these items if they could earn some money from it

• 300 million people in the developed world spend more than 20% of their waking hours alone and are looking for connection

• of the 2 billion internet-connected people in the world, 78% declare that their online experience has made them more amenable to sharing in the ‘real world’ (this conversion from online to offline sharing behaviour is confirmed by the Latitude Research survey). 80% of the 7 billion people on the planet today would declare that sharing makes them more happy. This means 5.7b people would be ready for a sharing economy."

(http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Ig31ELGDJ0Q)

See also the video: The Social Basis for a Sharing Economy

Directories

• The Mesh Business directory: "Mesh businesses leverage data and social networks to enable people to share goods and services efficiently and conveniently/ There are already thousands of these businesses—in transportation, fashion, food, real estate, travel, finance, entertainment and many other categories." [1]

• Key examples compiled by Rachel Botsman and her team:

1. Product Service Systems: Pay for the benefit of using a product without needing to own the product outright. Disrupting traditional industries based on models of individual private ownership.
2. Redistribution Markets: Redistribute used or pre-owned goods from where they are not needed to somewhere or someone where they are.
3. Collaborative Lifestyles: It’s not just physical goods that can be shared, swapped, and bartered. People with similar interests are banding together to share and exchange less tangible assets such as time, space, skills, and money.

See the following compilations on our wiki:

• Guide to Collaborative Consumption

and also:

1. Global Resource Exchange Groups and Localized Exchange Communities
2. Peer to Peer Exchanges and P2P Exchange Infrastructure Projects
3. Low Cost Groups

Lisa Gansky's directory entries in the Mesh:

Sharing Directory

1. accessories & gifts http://meshing.it/categories/1-accessories-gifts
2. books & writing , http://meshing.it/categories/2-books-writing
3. business & innovation , http://meshing.it/categories/3-business-innovation (Book Commons
4. careers, jobs & vocation , http://meshing.it/categories/4-careers-jobs-vocations
5. creativity, media & the arts , http://meshing.it/categories/7-creativity-media-the-arts
6. diy , http://meshing.it/categories/8-diy
7. education , http://meshing.it/categories/9-education
8. energy , http://meshing.it/categories/10-energy Sharing Energy
9. entertainment , http://meshing.it/categories/23-entertainment
10. farming & gardening , http://meshing.it/categories/14-farming-gardening
11. fashion & clothing , http://meshing.it/categories/11-fashion-clothing
12. finance & economics , http://meshing.it/categories/12-finance-economics
13. food & drink , http://meshing.it/categories/13-food-drink
14. government , http://meshing.it/categories/6-government
15. health & fitness , http://meshing.it/categories/15-health-fitness
16. home improvement , http://meshing.it/categories/18-home-improvement
17. kids' stuff , http://meshing.it/categories/20-kids-stuff
18. marketing services , http://meshing.it/categories/21-marketing-services
19. mobility , http://meshing.it/categories/28-mobility
20. natural resources & environment , http://meshing.it/categories/24-natural-resources-environment
21. real estate , http://meshing.it/categories/25-real-estate
22. seasonal & holidays , http://meshing.it/categories/26-seasonal-holidays
23. technology & data , http://meshing.it/categories/27-technology-data
24. travel , http://meshing.it/categories/29-travel
25. upcycling & recycling , http://meshing.it/categories/30-upcycling-recycling

Examples

Transportation

• Getaround (getaround.com). Getaround, started in 2009, bases its business model on the fact that cars are idle 92 percent of the time.

1. RelayRides‎ : p2p carsharing
2. Weeels‎, to transform traditional taxis (and any private car) into nodes in networked “social transit” systems, starting with a free smartphone app.
3. Go Car Share‎ a market place for empty car seats, a ‘social’ journey sharing website that is built around Facebook. We help people share car journeys
4. Park At My House‎ , aims to provide a convenient and cheaper parking alternative
5. Bike shares, like car shares, are growing in popularity, with Denver B-cycle one of the programs leading the way. It has 52 stations around the city for pickup and drop-off. A day pass is $6. Similar city programs are coming soon to the Bay Area and possibly L.A. County. denver.bcycle.com

Neighbors Goods Commons

• Hey, Neighbor! (heyneighbor.com). This social network is bringing back the old-fashioned spirit of lending for free the stuff gathering dust in your garage. You can also swap favors, like watering plants while on vacation.

1. NeighborGoods‎ : what can I share with my neighbors
2. Rentoid‎: a market place where people can rent things to and from each other using the internet
3. Frents‎ , a social network for things. Members display personal belongings on virtual shelves and define how they are can be shared, either with a circle of friends or the local community
4. SnapGoods‎ , aims to… make borrowing, renting, and trying a standard consumer option and practice.
5. Rentcycle‎ , platform/portal for renting, connecting consumers to rental businesses
6. Bid and Borrow‎ , a website that promotes sustainable re-use through the sharing of existing resources.
7. Sharehood‎

Energy

1. One Block Off the Grid‎

Sharing Skills and Services

1. Task Rabbit‎, seeking paid help from neighbors
2. Skillshare‎‎, a community marketplace to learn anything from anyone, using its own accreditation system

Art and Culture

1. Studio Share‎ aims to… dramatically lower the cost of a photo shoot or audio production by making community-owned photo and audio rentals as easy as possible.

Travel

• Airbnb (airbnb.com). Founded in 2008 in San Francisco, Airbnb lets people with space connect to those who are looking for it. The company handles all transactions, and charges hosts 3 percent of each accepted reservation. Guests pay a 6 to 12 percent booking fee.

1. Crashpadder, ‎ an accommodation network that enables guests to save, hosts to earn and everyone to make new friends.
2. Tourboarding, ‎
3. Experiences with strangers. If you love sailing and own a sailboat but are feeling pinched financially or miss sailing with others, you could offer an “experience” for sale via Vayable. You set the price. S.F. and L.A. only for now; vayable.com

Coworking

1. Loosecubes‎: Offices put empty cubes up on Loosecubes so the cubeless can rent the workspaces on an as-needed basis. Find empty spaces at 200 locations in the West.

Food

• Crushpad (crushpadwine.com). The perfect solution for enophiles who crave the experience of making their own wine, but can’t afford to spring for their own vineyard.

1. Eggs. Eggzy connects people who want fresh eggs but don’t have backyard chickens to locals who do. Punch in your zip code to find nearby eggs, then pick them up. Available in many cities; eggzy.net
2. A cider press. Millers’ Equipment & Rent-All stocks equipment that people in the community can rent for a day or a week at a time. A cider press costs $60 per day or $180 per week in the Seattle area. millersrentall.com
3. Buy a share in a pig from a farmer who can house, feed, and send the animal to slaughter. You get part of the meat. Shares sell out quickly and are distant cousins of community-supported agriculture, where members share a yield from the farm for a fee. rootdownfarm.net

Key Initiatives

Sharing Cities and Regions

1. Homegrown Minneapolis Commons-Based Food Policy Blueprint ; Neighborhood Revitalization Program - Minneapolis
2. Naples' Italy: Assessor of the Commons
3. Open Commons Region Linz
4. San Francisco Sharing Economy Working Group

Key Resources

1. Shareable magazine aims to be the voice of the new sharing culture
2. Book by Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers: What's Mine is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption
3. Top Twitterfeeds to monitor the sharing economy
4. The Sharing Authority offers a technology base for sharing platforms and businesses
5. Interviews with Pioneers of Sharing Exchanges
6. Innovation in Collaborative Consumption, monitor innovative initiatives here
7. How To Share Guides

In French:

• l'économie de fonctionnalité ou économie de l'usage, http://economiedefonctionnalite.fr/

Key Articles

• Cheyenna Weber: Moving from a Sharing Economy to a Solidarity Economy

• Popular intro by Fast Company magazine with profiles of pioneers [2]

• Janelle Orsi: Four Degrees of Sharing

• Trebor Scholz on Extreme Sharing Networks

• Products designed for sharing; BMW DriveNow ; EDAG Light Car Sharing Concept ; Think City ; Sobi Social Bicycle System

• How the Law Is Used To Stifle the Sharing Economy. Chris Laroche.

How-to articles from Shareable magazines [3]:

• The Barter Starter Legal Guide
• How To Share Land; focuses on UK/US

See: How To Share Guides

See also:

1. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-share-a-chicken
2. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-stop-foreclosure-through-homesharing and http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-share-a-house-a-case-study
3. http://shareable.net/blog/off-the-waffle
4. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-share-a-nanny
5. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-start-a-crop-mob
6. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-exchange-time
7. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-start-a-really-really-free-market
8. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-throw-your-own-community-swap-meet
9. http://shareable.net/blog/how-nonprofits-can-share-down-their-costs-part-ii
10. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-share-a-car-part-ii
11. http://shareable.net/blog/how-to-stop-foreclosure-through-homesharing
12. http://shareable.net/blog/how-i-rescued-myself-from-holiday-shopping-through-a-donation-exchange

Key Books

• The Mesh: Why the Future of Business is Sharing Lisa Gansky. Portfolio / Penguin Group, FALL 2010
• What's Mine is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption, by Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers (Fall, HarperCollins), 2010

Key Videos

1. Rachel Botsman on What's Mine is Yours [4] ; Rachel Botsman on Collaborative Consumption (TedX Sydney)
2. The Collaborative Consumption Groundswell Video ; [5] answers the question: What is the current size of the sharing economy?
3. Lisa Gansky on the Shift to the Sharing Economy: [6]= Lisa Gansky, author of The Mesh, "expresses the shift to a sharing economy in a very elegant way. [7]
4. The Commons Video replaces the Story of Stuff with the Story of Sharing! [8]
5. What are the Commons, "does a good job of defining the commons and explaining why they're essential, whether digital or physical". [9]

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